External Oblique Muscle 2025: Origin, Function & Key Facts
Discover the essential role of the external oblique muscle in trunk movement and stability. Explore its origin, function, and how it supports your body's core.
The external oblique muscle ranks among the largest muscles in the trunk region, with one located on each side of the body.
Positioned as one of the outermost layers of the abdominal muscles, the external oblique extends from the lower ribs, wrapping around the sides and descending to the pelvis. Its lowest fibers attach to the iliac crest (the upper edge of the pelvis), the pubis (front lower pelvis), and the linea alba, a fibrous structure running vertically along the abdominal midline. Together, these muscles form the lateral walls of the abdomen. They receive nerve signals through the intercostal and subcostal nerves, linking them to the central nervous system.
Functionally, the external oblique muscles play a crucial role not only in rotating the trunk but also in pulling the chest downward, which compresses the abdominal cavity. This action aids in vital processes such as breathing and maintaining intra-abdominal pressure. Additionally, they assist in spinal rotation, contributing to overall core stability.
Because the external obliques are involved in various trunk movements, injuries or strains can significantly impair mobility. Even routine activities like walking or running, which involve subtle torso movements, can be affected if these muscles are compromised.
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