Understanding Hyposexuality: What It Truly Means

Ariane Resnick, CNC, is a certified nutritionist, mental health writer, and wellness advocate committed to promoting inclusivity and accessibility.

Hyposexuality represents a diminished interest in sexual activity, standing in contrast to hypersexuality, where individuals may feel an overwhelming preoccupation with sex.

Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD), commonly referred to as hyposexuality, is a recognized medical condition primarily diagnosed in women. Men can experience a similar condition known as Male Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (MHSDD).

Currently, there is no distinct diagnostic category for nonbinary or gender nonconforming individuals. A diagnosis of HSDD is considered when someone experiences a persistent lack of sexual desire lasting six months or more, accompanied by personal distress.

It’s important to clarify that being hyposexual is not a sexual identity. Instead, it is a biological condition characterized by reduced sexual interest that causes frustration or distress. While research has often focused on cisgender women, HSDD can impact individuals of any gender.

In this article, we explore the experience of living with HSDD, including its causes, distinctions from sexual identities, and potential treatments.

Inclusive Use of HSDD

For the purpose of this discussion, we use HSDD to encompass both female and male forms of hypoactive sexual desire disorder, acknowledging that it affects people across the gender spectrum and shares similar symptoms and causes.

Exploring the Root Causes of Hyposexuality

HSDD can arise from a variety of factors, some easier to address than others. Below are several recognized causes.

Hormone Therapy

Gender-affirming hormone treatments can influence sexual desire. For transgender women, feminizing hormones like estrogen are commonly prescribed and can contribute to the development of HSDD.

Research shows that over 62% of transgender women report a decrease in sexual desire following hormone therapy, with 22% diagnosed with HSDD. Conversely, transgender men often receive testosterone, which typically enhances libido, resulting in lower rates of HSDD in this group.

Stress, Anxiety, and Life Challenges

Scientific studies highlight a significant link between stress, anxiety, and sexual dysfunction. Elevated stress levels often reduce libido, and managing stress effectively can help maintain a healthy sex drive.

However, when faced with overwhelming life difficulties beyond one’s control, the risk of developing HSDD or experiencing hyposexual feelings increases.

Medication Effects

Certain medications, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) used as antidepressants, can induce HSDD. Adjusting dosage or switching medications may alleviate these effects. Other drugs associated with reduced sexual desire include:

• Antiepileptics
• Antihypertensives
• Antipsychotics
• Anti-androgens

Declining Sex Hormone Levels

Sexual desire naturally diminishes with age due to decreasing levels of hormones like testosterone. Women undergoing menopause experience reductions in estrogen and progesterone, which can further impact libido. Younger individuals may also face hormone-related decreases in sexual desire.

Body Image Concerns and Dysphoria

Discomfort or dissatisfaction with one’s body can lead to avoidance of intimacy. Negative body image or gender dysphoria, where an individual’s physical appearance does not align with their gender identity, may contribute to HSDD.

For transgender individuals, gender-affirming surgeries can sometimes alleviate dysphoria and improve sexual desire.

Sexual Trauma and Abuse

Rape Trauma Syndrome (RTS), a form of post-traumatic stress disorder following sexual assault, can cause long-lasting aversion to intimacy. Even non-sexual physical contact may trigger distress. Therapy is often essential for recovery and regaining a healthy sexual life.

Understanding these causes helps differentiate HSDD from sexual identities.

Hyposexuality Compared to Asexuality

Asexuality is a sexual orientation characterized by little or no sexual attraction to others, often recognized early in life and experienced consistently. Asexual individuals typically feel comfortable without sexual desire.

In contrast, HSDD is a treatable medical condition. Those with HSDD often feel distressed about their lack of desire and may still experience attraction but lack the motivation to engage sexually.

Hyposexuality Compared to Graysexuality

Graysexuality is a sexual orientation where individuals experience sexual attraction infrequently. Unlike asexuality, graysexual people do have occasional sexual desire and are generally content with their experience.

HSDD differs as it is a clinical diagnosis related to external factors and can often be improved with treatment, whereas graysexuality is an enduring identity.

Both asexuality and graysexuality are intrinsic identities, while HSDD primarily stems from treatable circumstances.

Effective Treatments for HSDD

Sometimes, HSDD resolves naturally, especially when underlying stressors diminish or gender-affirming care alleviates dysphoria.

When HSDD persists, combining therapy with medical treatments can be beneficial. Testosterone therapy is commonly used to enhance libido. Additional approaches include regular exercise, open communication with partners, and estrogen therapy.

Final Thoughts from Verywell

If you suspect you have HSDD, support is available. Diagnosis requires at least six months of consistently reduced sexual desire that impacts your wellbeing. Consult a healthcare professional to explore personalized treatment options and regain your sense of self.

• Living Well
• Relationships
• Toxicity and Abuse

Verywell Mind relies on trusted, peer-reviewed research to ensure accuracy and reliability. Learn more about our editorial standards and fact-checking process.

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By Ariane Resnick, CNC
Ariane Resnick, CNC is a mental health writer, certified nutritionist, and wellness author who champions accessibility and inclusivity.

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