2025 Chest Muscle Anatomy & Function Guide with Diagram | Price Included
Explore the complete anatomy and function of chest muscles, including the pectoralis major and minor, with detailed diagrams and insights into muscle health and development.
The primary muscle dominating the upper chest is the pectoralis major, a broad, fan-shaped muscle extending from the armpit to the collarbone and spanning across the lower chest on both sides. These two muscle groups converge at the sternum, or breastbone, forming the central chest structure.
The pectoralis major plays a crucial role in moving the shoulder joint in four distinct directions and securing the arms to the torso. While injuries to this muscle are uncommon, they can cause chest pain, bruising, and reduced muscle strength.
Beneath the pectoralis major lies the pectoralis minor, a slender, triangular muscle that runs vertically along the upper ribs, contributing to chest stability and movement.
Key upper torso muscles include:
- Trapezius: Spanning the neck, shoulders, and back, this muscle facilitates shoulder and scapular movement.
- Rhomboid Major: Attached to the shoulder blade, it supports shoulder mobility.
- Infraspinatus: A rotator cuff muscle essential for raising and lowering the arm.
- Teres Major: Assists in rotating the upper arm.
- Serratus Anterior: Located around the ribs, it stabilizes the shoulder blade against the chest and aids in its upward rotation.
- Deltoid: Responsible for the shoulder's rounded shape, it also lifts and rotates the arm.
- Latissimus Dorsi: This large, flat back muscle helps rotate the arms and move them toward and away from the body.
Men generally develop more pronounced muscle mass compared to women, primarily due to higher testosterone levels produced during puberty. Testosterone not only promotes muscle growth but also supports reproductive health, increases bone density, and stimulates body hair growth.
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