Why Do People Snore and When to Seek Treatment? An Expert Explains
Discover why people snore, the health risks behind it, and effective treatments explained by an ENT specialist. Practical tips for relief and when to seek medical help.
Snoring is a common sleep issue that can disturb both the sleeper and their bed partner. This guide explains why snoring happens, when it may signal a serious condition, and how it can be treated with practical steps and medical care.
What Causes Snoring?
Snoring occurs when the flow of air through the mouth and nose is partially blocked during sleep. A variety of factors can narrow the airway, including the shape of the mouth and throat, a deviated nasal septum, and excess tissue in the throat. Being overweight adds pressure around the neck and throat, while a naturally enlarged uvula or soft palate can contribute to vibration as you breathe. As people drift into deeper sleep, the muscles in the soft palate, tongue, and throat relax, sometimes enough to partially close the airway and create snoring sounds.
Alcohol use, aging, and reduced muscle tone over time can worsen snoring.
Dr. Alex Gorovoy
ENT specialist at SM-Clinic
Snoring is more common in people with excess weight, but weight alone does not always cause snoring. Some individuals are slender yet snore due to structural issues. When breathing pauses occur at night, the body experiences stress and releases adrenaline, which can lead to metabolic changes and fat buildup around the neck and soft palate, making snoring worse.
Why Snoring Can Be Dangerous
Snoring itself is not always dangerous, but it can signal obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a condition in which breathing temporarily stops during sleep. Untreated sleep apnea can contribute to daytime sleepiness, high blood pressure, stroke, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, concentration problems, mood changes, and vision issues.
- Daytime sleepiness and fatigue
- High blood pressure
- Increased risk of stroke
- Type 2 diabetes
- Heart disease
- Difficulty concentrating
- Depression and mood swings
- Vision problems
Noticeable signs such as shallow sleep and frequent awakenings can indicate sleep apnea. If a family member notes very loud snoring with periods of silence or gasping, it is important to seek medical evaluation.
Breathing pauses are common among many snorers, but the severity is best determined with sleep monitoring. At night, a device with a sensor is used to track breathing patterns and identify apnea risk.
How to Stop Snoring
1. Review Your Lifestyle and Sleep Setup
Some people can reduce snoring by making simple changes at home: avoid alcohol and smoking, and strive for a healthy weight. Weight loss can improve the tone of throat muscles and reduce neck fat, making breathing easier during sleep. Regular cardio and strength training can enhance overall muscle tone. Elevating the head of the bed or using a wedge pillow can keep the upper body angled and lessen airway collapse. Avoid stacking many pillows, as this can strain the neck and back.
Dr. Gorovoy notes that improving body weight and muscle tone often reduces snoring, but it’s not a guarantee for everyone. A medical evaluation can help tailor a plan for each person.
2. Try Conservative Treatments
There are devices designed to ease breathing at night, such as nasal dilators that widen the nasal passages. Some people use dental sleep appliances that hold the jaw or tongue forward to keep the airway open. These options can help, but they are usually temporary; snoring may return if the device is not worn consistently.
A CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) machine is a proven, highly effective treatment for obstructive sleep apnea. It delivers a steady flow of air to keep the upper airway open, preventing snoring and oxygen deprivation during sleep.
3. Consider Surgery
Surgical intervention removes the mechanical blockage causing snoring. Surgery suitability depends on age, weight, and the severity of apnea. Common procedures include uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP), septoplasty for a deviated septum, and removing adenoids or tonsils when appropriate. After surgery, maintaining a healthy weight and avoiding smoking are important to prevent recurrence.
Note: Always consult with a qualified specialist to determine the best approach for your situation.
Expert Comment
Dr. Alex Gorovoy emphasizes that snoring often relates to weight but isn’t always caused by it. A thorough evaluation, including sleep monitoring, is essential to determine severity and tailor the treatment approach.
Summary
Snoring arises from a combination of anatomy, weight, and sleep posture, and it can signal obstructive sleep apnea in some people. This condition carries risks that affect daytime energy and long‑term health, making professional assessment important. Treatments range from lifestyle changes and simple devices to CPAP therapy or surgical options when appropriate. With guided care and steady habits, many people experience quieter nights and improved daytime alertness.
Key insight: Snoring is not just a nuisance; it may reflect airway problems that affect overall health, so timely lifestyle changes and medical evaluation can prevent serious outcomes.