Nifedipine 2025: Price, Dosage, Uses, Side Effects & Essential Info

Key Facts About Nifedipine

1. Nifedipine is available as both generic and branded forms, including the well-known Procardia XL.
2. It comes in extended-release tablets and immediate-release capsules, offering flexible treatment options.
3. Primarily prescribed for managing high blood pressure and two types of chest pain: vasospastic and chronic stable angina.

Critical Safety Alerts

• Heart Failure Risk: Rarely, patients without previous heart failure may develop it after starting Nifedipine.
• Angina Flare-ups: Temporary chest pain increase can occur when treating angina.
• Low Blood Pressure: Initial or increased doses might cause dangerously low blood pressure.

What is Nifedipine?

Nifedipine is a prescription calcium channel blocker offered under brand names such as Adalat CC, Afeditab CR, and Procardia XL, primarily as extended-release tablets. Immediate-release capsules branded as Procardia are also available. These forms differ in their release speed and are chosen based on the condition treated.

Generic versions provide a cost-effective alternative without compromising efficacy. Availability of strengths and forms may vary between generic and brand options.

Uses of Nifedipine

This medication lowers blood pressure in hypertensive patients and treats vasospastic and chronic stable angina by relaxing blood vessels and improving blood flow to the heart. Treatment form depends on the specific condition and patient needs.

Combination therapy is common; Nifedipine may be prescribed alongside other blood pressure medications, nitrates, or beta-blockers to optimize outcomes.

Mechanism of Action

Nifedipine belongs to calcium channel blockers, which relax blood vessels by preventing calcium entry into muscle cells of the heart and arteries. This reduces blood pressure and alleviates chest pain by improving oxygen supply and preventing arterial spasms.

Nifedipine Side Effects

While Nifedipine does not cause drowsiness, it may lead to other side effects.

Common Side Effects

• Headache
• Nausea
• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Flushing
• Heartburn
• Muscle cramps
• Constipation
• Cough
• Reduced sexual desire or performance
• Swelling in legs or feet (edema)
• Weakness

Mild symptoms often resolve within days or weeks. Persistent or severe symptoms require medical consultation.

Serious Side Effects

Seek immediate medical attention if experiencing:

• Severe swelling in limbs
• Allergic reactions: difficulty breathing, swallowing, facial or tongue swelling, rash
• Low blood pressure symptoms: fainting, extreme dizziness
• Liver issues: yellowing skin or eyes
• Worsening or frequent chest pain

Note: Side effects vary by individual; always discuss concerns with your healthcare provider.

Drug Interactions

Nifedipine can interact with various medications, vitamins, and herbal supplements, potentially altering effectiveness or increasing side effects.

Always inform your doctor about all substances you are taking.

Notable Interactions

• Antibiotics: Clarithromycin, erythromycin, quinupristin/dalfopristin increase Nifedipine levels; rifampin decreases it.
• Antifungals: Fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole raise Nifedipine concentration.
• Antivirals: Atazanavir, fosamprenavir, indinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir increase drug levels.
• Antiseizure Medications: Phenytoin and carbamazepine may reduce effectiveness; valproic acid may increase side effects.
• Heart Medications: Digoxin levels can fluctuate; beta-blockers may cause heart failure or low blood pressure if combined improperly.
• Others: Doxazosin interactions can increase side effect risks.

Dosage Guidelines for 2024

Dosage depends on age, condition severity, and individual response. Always follow your doctor's prescription.

Available Forms and Strengths

• Generic Oral Capsules: 10 mg, 20 mg
• Generic Extended-Release Tablets: 30 mg, 60 mg, 90 mg
• Procardia XL Extended-Release Tablets: 30 mg, 60 mg, 90 mg
• Procardia Oral Capsules: 10 mg

Hypertension

Adults: Start at 30-60 mg once daily; increase every 1-2 weeks as needed up to 90-120 mg daily.

Children: Not recommended under 18 years.

Seniors: May require lower or adjusted doses due to kidney function.

Vasospastic Angina

Adults: Begin with 30-60 mg once daily; increase cautiously up to 180 mg daily.

Children: Not studied; avoid use.

Seniors: Dose adjustments may be necessary.

Chronic Stable Angina

Adults: Start at 30-60 mg once daily; titrate up to 90-120 mg daily.

Children: Use not recommended.

Seniors: Monitor and adjust dose as needed.

Special Considerations

Liver impairment may require dose modification to avoid toxicity.

Proper Usage Tips

• Take with or without food; food may reduce stomach upset.
• Swallow tablets whole; do not crush or chew.
• Maintain consistent dosing schedule for best results.
• Do not abruptly stop medication to avoid rebound symptoms.

Managing Missed or Overdose Situations

If a dose is missed, take it as soon as remembered unless near the next dose. Never double dose.

Overdose symptoms include dizziness, rapid heartbeat, and flushing; seek emergency care immediately.

Cost Information

Nifedipine prices vary by brand, dosage, and pharmacy. Generic versions typically offer affordable alternatives.

Storage and Travel Advice

• Store at room temperature away from moisture and light.
• Do not freeze.
• Carry medication in original packaging when traveling; airport security X-rays are safe for the drug.
• Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures in vehicles.

Monitoring and Lifestyle

• Regular blood pressure monitoring is recommended; home monitors can be used under doctor guidance.
• Follow a heart-healthy diet as advised by your healthcare provider.

Alternative Treatments

Other medications exist for hypertension and angina; consult your doctor to find the best option tailored to your health needs.

Important Precautions

• Avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice during treatment as they increase drug levels and side effects.
• Do not consume alcohol while on Nifedipine to prevent severe low blood pressure.
• Pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult their doctor before use; safety is not fully established.
• Not recommended for individuals under 18 years old.

Disclaimer: This information is designed to support, not replace, consultation with your healthcare professional. Individual responses to medication vary, so always seek personalized medical advice.

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