Unraveling the Link Between Hidradenitis Suppurativa and Lupus: What You Need to Know

Individuals diagnosed with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) often face a higher likelihood of also having lupus or other autoimmune disorders, though the precise relationship remains a mystery to medical experts.

Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic skin condition characterized by painful nodules and abscesses, and while its exact cause is not fully understood, it frequently appears alongside autoimmune diseases like lupus. Autoimmune disorders occur when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own healthy cells.

Research indicates that HS is more prevalent among those with lupus, but the underlying reasons are still being investigated.

Let's delve deeper into the potential connections between HS, lupus, and other autoimmune conditions.

Understanding the Connection Between HS and Lupus

A 2022 study involving over 627 HS patients revealed that more than 16% also had an autoimmune disease, commonly lupus, psoriasis, or inflammatory bowel disease. This percentage surpasses that observed in the general population.

Despite this correlation, it remains unclear whether HS increases the risk of developing lupus or vice versa. Shared risk factors or certain autoimmune medications might influence the development of HS. Further research is essential to clarify this association.

Is Hidradenitis Suppurativa an Autoimmune Disease?

Currently, HS is not classified as an autoimmune disease. However, emerging studies suggest there could be an autoimmune component involved.

The aforementioned 2022 study found that some HS patients possess autoantibodies—antibodies that mistakenly target the body’s own proteins instead of harmful pathogens. Autoantibodies are typically linked to autoimmune diseases, hinting at a possible autoimmune mechanism in HS.

Nonetheless, the presence of autoantibodies alone does not definitively categorize HS as autoimmune. Additionally, both HS and autoimmune diseases are sometimes treated with biologics, therapies designed to modulate the immune system’s inflammatory responses.

This overlap in treatment further supports the hypothesis of a connection between HS and autoimmune disorders, though more evidence is needed.

When to Consult a Healthcare Professional

While it’s not confirmed that HS directly raises lupus risk, individuals with HS should remain vigilant for lupus symptoms. Consulting a rheumatologist—an expert in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases—can be beneficial if new symptoms arise.

Watch for lupus indicators such as:

• Muscle aches
• Joint pain
• Persistent fever
• Red, butterfly-shaped facial rash
• Hair thinning or loss
• Mouth ulcers
• Sensitivity to sunlight
• Chest discomfort
• Anemia
• Dry or irritated eyes
• Memory issues or confusion

Recognizing these signs early can lead to timely diagnosis and management.

Key Takeaways

People living with hidradenitis suppurativa have a higher incidence of autoimmune diseases like lupus compared to the general population. Although the reasons remain uncertain, ongoing research continues to explore this complex relationship.

If you have HS and experience new or unusual symptoms, especially those resembling lupus, seek evaluation from a rheumatologist or healthcare provider promptly.

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