Endometriosis and IVF: Key Insights and Support for Your Fertility Journey
Discover how IVF can assist those with endometriosis, understand potential benefits and risks, and get expert guidance for your path to pregnancy.
In vitro fertilization (IVF) offers promising outcomes for individuals with endometriosis, comparable to those without the condition. Understanding how endometriosis impacts fertility is essential for making informed decisions.
Endometriosis causes inflammation, scar tissue, and abnormal growths in the pelvic area, which can disrupt normal reproductive functions. These changes may block fallopian tubes, reducing the chance of natural conception, explains Dr. Alex Robles, a fertility specialist at Columbia University Fertility Center.
Beyond physical blockages, endometriosis may also lower egg quality and trigger inflammatory responses that hinder sperm survival, as highlighted by recent studies.
Is IVF the Right Choice for You?
Most individuals attempt natural conception for 6 to 12 months based on age before considering assisted reproductive technologies, notes Dr. Rashmi Kudesia of CCRM Houston. Consulting a fertility expert can help tailor the best approach, whether that involves intrauterine insemination or proceeding directly to IVF.
IVF is often recommended for those with fallopian tube blockages, reduced ovarian reserve, partners with low sperm counts, or for women over 35 years old.
Understanding the IVF Process with Endometriosis
The IVF protocol for those with endometriosis generally mirrors that of others but may include additional medications to suppress estrogen, which can fuel endometriosis growth, Dr. Robles adds.
The treatment starts with 1–2 weeks of hormone injections to stimulate multiple egg development, including human chorionic gonadotropin, follicle-stimulating hormone, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone.
Egg retrieval is performed using a transvaginal ultrasound-guided needle under sedation. Retrieved eggs are fertilized in a lab with sperm, and viable embryos are transferred to the uterus.
Pregnancy success depends on embryo implantation, with follow-up blood tests about two weeks post-transfer to confirm results. Multiple cycles may be necessary, as each case is unique.
Potential Risks to Consider
While estrogen supplements are generally avoided in endometriosis patients to prevent symptom flare-ups, hormone levels are carefully managed during IVF to minimize risks.
Egg retrieval carries a rare risk of puncturing endometrial cysts, which can sometimes prolong recovery but usually does not worsen symptoms.
Final Thoughts
Collaborating with fertility specialists and your healthcare team ensures the most suitable and safe fertility plan. If IVF aligns with your needs, it can be a valuable step toward achieving pregnancy despite endometriosis challenges.
Gabrielle Kassel (she/her) is a dedicated wellness journalist and sex educator focused on empowering individuals to embrace their bodies. Her work appears in top health publications, and she enjoys coaching CrossFit, exploring pleasure products, hiking, and podcasting in her free time. Follow her on Instagram @Gabriellekassel.
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