Cervix Uteri Anatomy and Function in 2025 | Understanding the Uterine Cervix
Explore the detailed anatomy and vital functions of the cervix uteri, its role in reproduction, and insights into cervical health in 2025.
The cervix uteri, commonly referred to as the uterine cervix or simply the cervix, serves as the crucial connection between the vagina and the uterus.
Measuring about four centimeters in length, roughly half of the cervix extends into the vaginal canal. Its size can vary based on factors such as age, childbirth history, and genetic differences.
This specialized structure produces cervical mucus that plays a key role in fertility by facilitating sperm movement from the vagina into the uterus during ovulation. Outside of ovulation periods, the mucus thickens to form a protective barrier, preventing sperm from entering the uterus.
During labor, the cervix undergoes significant changes, thinning and dilating up to 10 centimeters to enable the baby to pass through the birth canal safely. After delivery and placenta expulsion, the cervix gradually thickens and closes.
It is important to monitor cervical health, as cervical cancer can develop in this area. Cervical dysplasia, a treatable precancerous condition detectable through Pap smear screening, is critical to diagnose early. If left untreated, it can progress to cervical cancer, often linked to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.
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